Statistics

Underlying & Contributing Factors - Violence [ref 1]

• A disproportionate share of violent criminals report early abuse-[ref 6]
  
  
• Being Abused or Neglected as a Child:-[ref 9]
  • Likelihood of arrest as a juvenile -- up 53%
  • Likelihood of arrest as an adult -- up 38%
  • Likelihood of arrest for a violent crime -- up 38%
  
  
• Nationwide, alcohol is a contributing factor in 80% of homicides.-[ref 10]
  
  
• A gun in the home is 43 times more likely to be used to kill a family member or friend
  or to commit suicide than to defend oneself.-[ref 11]

Underlying & Contributing Factors - Child Abuse [ref 1]

• Risk factors associated with child abuse and neglect are:-[ref 12]
  • Family poverty
  • Family stress
  • Single parent family
  • Drug or alcohol use by one or more family members
  • Parental history of abuse or neglect
  • Unemployment
  • Poor education
  • Family isolation
  
  
• Risk factors associated with child sexual abuse:-[ref 15]
  • Poor parent-child relationships
  • Poor relationships between parents
  • Absence of a protective parent
  • Presence of a non-biologically related male in the home.
  
  
• It is estimated that 9 - 10 million children under the age of 18 are directly affected by substance-abusing parents.-[ref 13]
  
  
• In 1995, in 15 states reporting information, 40% of child abuse cases involved substance abuse.-[ref 14]
  
  
• Adults who mistreat their own children, and those who are perpetrators or victims of spousal abuse, were often themselves victims or abuse.-[ref 12]
  
  

Youth Gang Survey Statistics - 1997[ref 7]

• Juristictions Reporting Youth Gangs by Area Type
  • 72% -- Large City
  • 33% -- Small City
  • 56% -- Suburban Cnty
  • 24% -- Rural Cnty
  • 51% -- Overall
  
  
• Juristictions Reporting Youth Gangs by Region
  • 74% -- West
  • 52% -- Midwest
  • 49% -- South
  • 31% -- Northeast
  • 51% -- Overall
  
  
• Reported Gangs and Members
  • Gangs -- 18,267
  • Gang Members -- 655,385
  
  
• Estimates to Include Areas not Responding to Survey
  • Gangs -- 30,533
  • Gang Members -- 815,896
  
  

Incarceration Statistics[ref 2]

• Jail Population
  • 1990 -- 1,148,702
  • 1991 -- 1,219,014 -- + 6.1%
  • 1992 -- 1,295,150 -- + 6.2%
  • 1993 -- 1,369,185 -- + 5.7%
  • 1994 -- 1,476,621 -- + 7.8%
  • 1995 -- 1,585,589 -- + 7.4%
  • 1996 -- 1,646,020 -- + 3.8%
  • 1997 -- 1,744,001 -- + 6.0%
  • 1998 -- 1,825,400 -- + 4.7%
  
  
• Incarceration Rate per 100,000
  • 1990 -- 297
  • 1991 -- 313 -- + 5.4%
  • 1992 -- 332 -- + 6.1%
  • 1993 -- 359 -- + 8.1%
  • 1994 -- 389 -- + 8.4%
  • 1995 -- 411 -- + 5.7%
  • 1996 -- 427 -- + 3.9%
  • 1997 -- 444 -- + 4.0%
  • 1998 -- 461 -- + 3.8%
  • 1999 -- 476 -- + 3.3%
  • 2000 -- 478 -- + 0.4%
  • 2001 -- 470 -- - 1.7%
  • 2002 -- 476 -- + 1.3%
  • 2003 -- 482 -- + 1.3%
  • 2004 -- 486 -- + 0.8%
  • 2005 -- 491 -- + 1.0%
  
  
• At midyear 2005, one in every 136 residents was incarcerated.
  
  
• About 3.2% of the U.S. adult population, or 1 in every 32 adults,
  was incarcerated or on probation or parole at year end 2005.
  
  
• Percent of Sentenced State Inmates by Type of Offense - 1997
  • 09% - Rape/Sexual Assault
  • 10% - Public Order
  • 11% - Assult/Other Violent
  • 13% - Murder/Manslaughter
  • 14% - Robbery
  • 21% - Drug
  • 22% - Property
  
  

Adult Crime Statistics[ref 3]

• All Crime Arrests
  • 1993-1994 -- -2.7%
  • 1994-1995 -- -1.2% -- cum - 3.8%
  • 1995-1996 -- -3.6% -- cum - 7.4%
  • 1996-1997 -- -3.2% -- cum -10.6%
  
  
• Violent Crime Arrests
  • 1993-1994 -- -4.5%
  • 1994-1995 -- -4.1% -- cum - 8.5%
  • 1995-1996 -- -7.0% -- cum -15.5%
  • 1996-1997 -- -4.0% -- cum -19.6%
  
  
• Murder Arrests
  • 1993-1994 -- -5.8%
  • 1994-1995 -- -8.2% -- cum -14.0
  • 1995-1996 -- -9.9% -- cum -23.9
  • 1996-1997 -- -9.1% -- cum -32.1
  
  

Juvenile Crime Statistics[ref 5]

• All Crime Arrests (includes curfew)
  • 1993-1994 -- +10.7%
  • 1994-1995 -- + 0.9% -- cum +11.6%
  • 1995-1996 -- + 0.8% -- cum +12.4%
  • 1996-1997 -- - 2.1% -- cum +10.3%
  
  
• Violent Crime Arrests
  • 1993-1994 -- +19.4%
  • 1994-1995 -- - 5.4% -- cum +14.0%
  • 1995-1996 -- -14.8% -- cum - 0.8%
  • 1996-1997 -- - 5.0% -- cum - 5.8%
  
  
• Murder Arrests
  • 1993-1994 -- - 4.6%
  • 1994-1995 -- -11.1% -- cum -15.6%
  • 1995-1996 -- -18.6% -- cum -34.2%
  • 1996-1997 -- -16.1% -- cum -50.4%
  
  

Mentoring-Effects on Behavior [ref 4]

• Initiating Drug Use -- down 45.8%
• Initiating Alcohol Use -- down 27.4%
• Number of Times Hit Someone -- down 31.7%
• Grades -- up 3%
• Scholastic Competence -- up 4.3%
• Skipped Class -- down 36.7%
• Skipped Day of School -- down 52.2%